Cooling Cycle Refrigeration and air conditioning are two closely related processes that are widely used in modern society to provide comfort and preserve perishable goods. These processes involve the transfer of heat from one location to another using a refrigerant fluid, and they operate on the basis of the thermodynamic cycle known as the refrigeration cycle. Understands Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Cycle The refrigeration cycle is a cyclic process that involves four basic stages: compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation . During the compression stage, the refrigerant fluid is compressed by a compressor, which raises its temperature and pressure. The high-pressure, high-temperature gas then flows into a condenser , where it is cooled and condensed into a liquid state by a cooling medium such as water or air. The condensed liquid then passes through an expansion valve or a capillary tube , where it undergoes a pressure drop and becomes a low-pressure, low-tempe